Validity

There are many different types of validity. It is important to understand the differences. The
most basic types are covered here but there are ;

Content and Construct Validity

Construct validity means simply that a particular test actually measures the construct it is supposed to measure.

Convergent and Divergent Validity

In its most basic form, convergent validity is shown by using a “gold standard” measure to compare to the new test: this is criterion validity.The formal theory that is the basis for the test also provides information about the  relationship of the construct to other measureable variables, e.g., demographics or
individual traits. Standardized measures of such variables can be compared to the  new test with a priori hypotheses about the direction and magnitude of the resultant  correlations. These correlations can be significant and positive or negative (convergent validity) or non-significant (divergent validity).

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